[Zurück]

J. Han, H. Jang, H. Bui, M. Jahn, D. Ahn, K. Cho, B. Jun, S. Lee, S. Schwarz, M. Stöger-Pollach, K. Whitmore, M. Sung, V. Kutwade, R. Sharma, S. Han:
"Stable performance of Li-S battery: Engineering of Li2S smart cathode by reduction of multilayer graphene-embedded 2D-MoS2";
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 862 (2021), S. 1 - 11.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices due to their ultrahigh theoretical gravimetric energy density, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. However, the application of Li-S batteries remains challenging; mainly due to a lack of understanding of the complex chemical reactions and associated equilibria that occur in a working Li-S system. A new approach preparing graphene-based active cathode materials of Li-S battery with spatially confined lithium sulfides is reported. The starting graphene-embedded 2D-MoS2 was synthesized by a solvothermal method in organic solvents followed by the calcination of trapped organic solvent molecules at 800 °C to give graphene single sheets inside the 2D-MoS2 layers with 7 Å distance (MoS2-Gr-32.51). Then, it was electrochemically reduced/lithiated at potential 0.01 V vs Li+/Li generating metallic molybdenum and lithium sulfides. As a result, the structure of MoS2 multi-layers collapsed. The graphene multi-layer (ML- Graphene) was left behind and shut the lithium sulfides between the layers. The sizes of Li2Sn (n = 4-6) are bigger than the inter-layer distance of ML-Graphene, and the escape of sulfur/sulfides from the cathode into the electrolyte is physically blocked alleviating shuttle effects. The specific capacity of ML-Graphene/lithium sulfides cathode was high of 1209 mAh/gMoS2-Gr at 0.1 C (1 C = 670 mA/g). The ML-Graphene exhibited the remarkable lithium intercalation capability, and the theoretical calculation has been carried out to give 2231.4 mAh/g. Such high capacity was hybridized with the theoretical capacity of sulfur (1675 mAh/g), and the ML-Graphene composite with dichalcogenides (2D-MoS2) became a promising platform for the cathode of Li-S batteries.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.158031